AVIAN CRYPTOSPORIDIOSIS: A SIGNIFICANT PARASITIC DISEASE OF PUBLIC HEALTH HAZARD
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26873/SVR-1354-2022Abstract
Abstract: Cryptosporidiosis is one of the most important zoonotic parasitic diseases affecting a wide range of host species. The disease is widely distributed all over the world. Cryptosporidium species can affect different avian hosts, causing severe economic losses. The severity of avian cryptosporidiosis symptoms vary from asymptomatic disease to severe enteric and/or respiratory manifestations with high mortality. Diagnosis of Cryptosporidium infection is mainly based on microscopic detection of oocysts, serological methods, or molecular techniques to identify different Cryptosporidium species. Humans and animals are highly susceptible to infection by different Cryptosporidium species as a result of the ingestion of contaminated food and water by oocysts or direct contact with infected hosts. Different prevention and control strategies have been applied either in the surrounding environment or for the infected animals, birds, and humans. Therefore, this review article was designed to shed light on avian cryptosporidiosis species and its distribution, susceptibility and infection, clinical pictures, laboratory diagnosis, zoonotic importance in humans, and prevention and control strategies.
Key words: avian; control; Cryptosporidium; diagnosis; human
KRIPTOSPORIDIOZA PTIC: POMEMBNA PARAZITSKA BOLEZEN, NEVARNA ZA JAVNO ZDRAVJE
Izvleček: Kriptosporidioza je ena najpomembnejših zoonotskih parazitskih bolezni, ki prizadene številne gostiteljske vrste. Bolezen je razširjena po vsem svetu. Vrste Cryptosporidium lahko prizadenejo različne ptičje gostitelje in povzročijo veliko gospodarsko škodo. Resnost simptomov kriptosporidioze pri pticah je različna, od asimptomatične bolezni do hudih črevesnih in/ali dihalnih znakov z visoko smrtnostjo. Diagnoza okužbe s parazitom Cryptosporidium temelji predvsem na mikroskopskem odkrivanju oocist, seroloških metodah ali molekularnih tehnikah za identifikacijo različnih vrst povzročitelja. Ljudje in živali so zelo dovzetni za okužbo z različnimi vrstami Cryptosporidium, ki so posledica zaužitja kontaminirane hrane ali vode z oocistami ali neposrednega stika z okuženimi gostitelji. Za preprečevanje in nadzor bolezni pri okuženih živalih, pticah in ljudeh ali v njihovi okolici so bile uporabljene različne strategije. Namen tega preglednega članka je bil zato razjasniti vrste povzročiteljev in razširjenost kriptosporidioze ptic, dovzetnost za okužbo in način prenosa ter klinično sliko, laboratorijsko diagnostiko, zoonotski pomen in strategije preprečevanja in nadzora bolezni.
Ključne besede: ptičji; Cryptosporidium; diagnoza; človeški
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